Birth of Music Struggles in Indonesia

Music is born out of conditions of Indonesian society being colonized by foreign nations. By using music, the fighters trying to rekindle the spirit of unity to stand against the invaders. Poems that were created at that time, generally contain a call to fight, solicitation untui sacrifices for the country, and so on. The rhythm of the music was made quickly and spirit, and ending with vibrant.

A. Nationalism in Music

During the 19th century, all European societies feel that each country must find its loyalty and self-sacrifice. sense of nationalism rose in the course of the French revolution and the war under Napoleon (1789-1814). At that time the French army raids over most of Europe, so many state-controlled Napoleon nationalism raises awareness among citizens. Solidarity is a common language, culture, and history to rise to power, because many were sent to the battlefield is a civilian military personnel, not from among the mercenaries and patriotism is instilled as a national heritage.

As a revolutionary political movement, nationalism influence the impact of Germany and Italy is a country that is actually broken up into small states. Nationalism led to uprisings in countries foreign powers, such as Poland and Bohemia.

The meaning of nationalism is a growing understanding of nationality because of the similarity of fate and history and interests to live together as a nation united, sovereign, democratic and advanced within a unified nation, and our goals to achieve, maintain and devote identity, unity , prosperity, and power on the basis of nationalism. In Indonesia nationalism is based on the quality of psychiatric national consciousness became a unifying force across the nation to live together and work together based on self-esteem arising from the culture of Indonesia. Nationalism in Indonesia was born along with the growing desire to form a national state of Indonesia. National consciousness is a force that is crucial for the realization of the state and nation. State and the nation is not only a political but also social organizations an indispensable framework for all social, economic, and cultural. Indonesian nationalism and the nation state evolved through a long historical process.

Nationalism is a powerful cultural movement influence on the use of the national language, which is like in a country occupied by a foreign nation forces, the national language became widely used both in the writing of books, newspapers and other important documentation. For example, in Bohemia occurred revival Czekoslovakia use of language, in which the condition of the country before the year 1800 has been dominated by the use of the German language in Austria authorities. In every country occupied by a foreign nation the spirit of nationalism felt by the traditional inhabitants, of whom are peasants giving rise to a new enthusiasm for folk songs, folk legends and fairy tales of the people as a national identity that creates a feeling of nationalism one of them is art. Sense of nationalism in music in this discussion can be divided into two parts as follows:

a. National style

Nationalism also affect Romantic music, where the composer as careful to provide a national identity in the work of their own music. The composer uses folk songs and folk dances and creating original songs with a folk flavor. Then the nationalist composers wrote operas and music inspired by the history of the program on their own homeland. As Russian Easter overture Rimsky Korsakov's work, "Finland" by Sibelius and Dvorak Slavonic Dances Antonio works. National style used through folk songs that can lead to life-patriotism. Music will sound and nuanced, France, Russia, or Italy where rhythm, timbre, and melody comes from a national tradition that previously had no regional characteristics in music before the Romanesque period, but the differences in national style at that time has not been discussed so profound usage general.

b. National style exoticism

Composers of the 19th century actually mrenyadari will understand their nationality to strive consciously to realize the characteristics of nationality in music from a foreign country. The composer often borrows national styles of other nations. Exoticism used as an idea in the music as the composer of Indonesia wear western media in his music. These characteristics are in rhythm, melody, rhythm, creating the feel of a national nationality which is a trend known as musical exoticism. For example, the composers wrote songs that influenced ideas oriental-style music from other cultures. As a composer George Bizet wrote Carmen French nationals, an opera works by taking a Spanish musical idiom. Giocomo Puccini wrote an Italian national komponois madame buterfly an opera that takes the Japanese musical idiom. Rimsky Korsakov Scheherazade composer nationality Russia wrote an orchestral work by taking a musical idiom Arab Middle East. Exotic style is a romantic musical developments of interest to the composer, associated with the beauty of the country that became the idea of ​​musical expression.

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